Agoraphobia is sometimes considered the most life-limiting of the phobias. Agoraphobia often develops as an offshoot of panic disorder, but may also occur independently. Each case is different, but the following may be considered a "typical" progression:
Early Warning Signs: Panic attack or similar panic reaction.
Age at First Onset: Early adulthood. Agoraphobia may occur at any age, but generally appears at approximately 20 years of age.
Progressive Effects: Without treatment, agoraphobia can become highly disabling. The condition can lead to an inability to leave the house, or a near-total dependence on a companion. The isolation involved with agoraphobia can lead to additional disorders.
Concurrent Disorders: Agoraphobia frequently occurs with panic disorder. Other disorders may develop over time, including depression and substance abuse.
Prognosis: Agoraphobia is generally a chronic condition. However, the severity appears to ebb and flow. With treatment, agoraphobia can be successfully managed and eventually overcome.
Sources:
Epidemiology of Anxiety Disorders. Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Psychiatry. http://psychiatry.healthse.com/psy/categories/C19/
The Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America. National Institute of Mental Health. February 15, 2008. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-numbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america.shtml#KesslerPrevalence
